J.E. Brown Middle School
765 Peeples Street
Atlanta, Georgia 30310
Ms. Bonnie Williamson, Principal

Sankofa
Remembering the Past...

Cultural Folktale Development ~ A study of oral traditions
 

Student Example:  An Ibo Story Using Powerpoint
 
 

Introduction | Task | Process and Guidance | Evaluation | Conclusion | Resources | Black History

 
Introduction
In the study of African and Latin American cultures, we can not overlook the similarities in their experiences.  Oral traditions, information passed down from one generation to another, are often used to explain natural occurrences or to recount important events. 

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Task
Your group's goal will be to read and complete classroom assignments so that you can gain knowledge about the histories of our targeted cultures.  With this understanding, you will develop a folktale that tells the story about a person, event, or experience in your specific culture.  Since most historical events teach us about an important moral or life lesson, your story must clearly illustrate this at its end.

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Process and Guidance
Step 1 - Review what you already know about the Maya, the Aztec and the Inca by completing the review graphic organizer entitled Early Civilizations.  You will need to use the World Explorer:  Latin America text (Chapter 2, Sections 1 and 2), and Focus on Latin America pages 25 - 28.  Remember to complete your Fact Find Sheet with any information that you have located. 

Step 2 - Read about the Aymaras.  Compare and contrast the lives of these people of the Andes with your own:  How are the lives of young Aymaras different from your own life?  Remember you Fact Find Sheet. 

Step 3 - Participate in Rafa Rafa, a cultural simulation.

Step 4 - Using Focus on Latin America, define the following vocabulary terms:  culture, cultural diversity, cultural diffusion.  Write examples of each as demonstrated in the Rafa Rafa simulation.  Remember your Fact Find Sheet. 

Step 5 - After reading the required resources, discuss with your group the similarities in the experiences of both cultural groups (Latin American and African American). 
-World Explorer:  Latin America Chapter 2, Section 3, pages 43 - 46 
-Focus on Latin America pages 29 - 30 
-African American History of Today's Students pages 27 - 29 
Remember to complete information on your Fact Find Sheet 

Step 6 - In your groups, discuss the economic reasons that Europeans entered the Americas and Africa.  Create a Venn Diagram and compare and contrast the Triangle Trade and the Colombian Exchange. 
-World Explorer:  Latin America Chapter 2, Colonization pages 46 - 47 
-Focus on Latin America pages 35 - 37 
-African American History of Today's Students pages 27 - 29

Step 7 -  In groups, students will make a chart of West African characteristics.  They will make note of those that are very much like African American characteristics.  They will gather information from African American History  for Today's Students p1 - 12.  Students will share their findings in terms of their definitions of culture.

Step 8 - Students will participate in the Media Center on a WebQuest on the Western African culture as it was moved to the Gullah islands of South Carolina and Georgia.  They will read the attached articles and answer questions using their graphic organizers.

Step 9 - Students will complete a review of the Gullah culture with Across the Water and label the Sea Islands of Georgia.  Using a map of the ocean currents, students will trace the path of a ship as during the Middle Passage. 

Step 10 -Students will find the latitude/longitude coordinates of several Latin American and African countries. 

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Folktale Requirements
Your folktale requires 4 reconstructed items:  1) Timeline, 2) Map, 3) City, 4) Artifacts.  The Job Leader in each group is primarily responsible for one of the reconstructed items and the research needed for the development of the folktale. 
1—Timeline—Construct a timeline of at least 10 events leading up to your topic or timeline of a person’s life.  This timeline must be constructed on a continuum with events prominently displayed. 
2—Map—Create a map of the setting including geographical features and the names of modern countries.  This must be created using paper or other project materials.  This map may include more than one geographical area.  Example:  The Middle Passage would include Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Americas. 
3—City—Reconstruct a model of a major city in the geographical area that you have targeted.  Though the reconstruction can be a model, it may also be drawn on paper. 
4—Artifacts—Reconstruct a tool, document, article of clothing or another object that would have come from your culture.  Remember to type up a label that explains and describes how your artifact was used. 

Your contract is here.

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Evaluation
I.  Timeline 
-Timeline clearly depicts 10 events in your targeted culture     10 
-Creativity         5 
-Accuracy         5 


II.  Map 
-Map is reconstructed or drawn correctly    10 
-Creativity         5 
-Accuracy         5 


III.  City 
-City is reconstructed or drawn depicting the housing 
and geographical features        7 
-Label that describes the scene and day-to-day activities    3 
-Creativity         5 
-Accuracy         5 


IV.  Artifact 
-Artifact is reconstructed clearly depicting an item
proven to be useful in your targeted culture    7 
-Label clearly describes and explains the function    3 
-Creativity       5 
-Accuracy       5 


Folktale Presentation 
Folktale clearly depicts an event, experience or life of a person from your targeted 
culture.  The events are easy for your audience to understand and there is a moral or  20 points 
lesson to be learned at the end. 

Folktale clearly depicts an event, experience or life of a person from your targeted  15 points 
culture.  The events are easy for your audience to understand. 

Folktale clearly depicts an event, experience or life of a person from your targeted 
culture.  The events are somewhat clear, but included in the presentation.  10 points 

Folktale depicts an event, experience or life of a person.      5 points 

All reconstructed items are due the week of January 28th.  All presentations will begin on Friday February 1st. 

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Conclusion
Congratulations!  If you followed all steps, you have successfully recored the culture and history of a specific culture.


Resources

 
Adinkra symbols http://www2.ncsu.edu/ncsu/intl_programs/ghana/symbols.html 
 http://click.hotbot.com/director.asp?id=3&target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Etheviproom
     %2Ecom%2Fvisions%2Fadinkra%2Ehtm&query=adinkra&rsource=DH 
 http://www.ghana.com/republic/adinkra/ 
Aztec http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/travel/slenchek/slaztec1.html 

http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/history/jtuck/jtmoctezuma2.html 

http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/history/postclassic.html 

http://www.snowcrest.net/jmike/latin.html 
 

Maya  http://www.halfmoon.org/culture.html
http://www.michielb.nl/maya/astro.html
 
  • Folktales and Stories:
http://www.kstrom.net/isk/maya/mayastor.html 
http://elvis.neep.wisc.edu/~firmiss/mephitis-didelphis/tales/skunk-rabbit-s.html 
  • Writing
http://www.halfmoon.org/names.html
  • Calendar
http://www.michielb.nl/maya/astro.html
Incas http://www.raingod.com/angus/Gallery/Photos/SouthAmerica/Peru/IncaTrail.html
http://www.fortunecity.com/millennium/lilac/3/incas.htm
Huichol http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/huichol/huicholindex.html
Ibo http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/landow/post/nigeria/ibofuneral.html
http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/landow/post/nigeria/ibo.html
 http://www.themoonlitroad.com/ibo/ibo_page001.html
Gullah http://www.coastalguide.com/gullah/
 http://www.gullahcelebration.com/
 http://www.gullahgourmet.com/
 http://www.ccpl.org/ccl/gullah.html
 http://www.starlightgraphics.com/CarlieTowne/whatis.htm
http://www.student.gsu.edu/~rcottrell/Gdefine.html
Taino http://www.taino-tribe.org/jatiboni.html
 http://www.rose-hulman.edu/~delacova/tainos.htm
 http://members.dandy.net/~orocobix/tedict.html
 http://www.members.dandy.net/~orocobix/faq2.html
 http://members.dandy.net/~orocobix/caney.html
 http://www.indiana.edu/~r317doc/dr/cavehist.html
Middle Passage http://www.juneteenth.com/middlep.htm
 http://click.hotbot.com/director.asp?id=1&target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Etmpf%2Eorg%2Fhistory
%2Ehtm&query=middle+passage&rsource=DH
 http://amistad.mysticseaport.org/discovery/story/middle.passage.html
 http://amistad.mysticseaport.org/timeline/atlantic.slave.trade.html
Machiguenga http://www.montana.com/manu/enroute.html 

 http://www.moles.org/ProjectUnderground/motherlode/shell/machkid.html 

http://www.macawlanding.org/timpia.html 

Arawak King Ferdinand's letter to the Taino/Arawak Indians

http://www.anthro.mankato.msus.edu/cultural/southamerica/arawak.html 

Other Helpful Sites http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/history.html
http://www.angelfire.com/ca/humanorigins/index.html

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Contact Information
Romonda M. Cottrell
Challenge Social Studies
Brown Middle School
765 Peeples Street
Atlanta, Georgia 30311









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